Homogenizing nozzle device



Jan. 11, 1938. H. DAUBENMEYER HOMOGENIZING NozzLE DEVICE Filed April l. 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l Ill Q INVENT OR.

11, 1938. H DAUBENMEYER 2,194,853

HOMOGENIZ ING NOZZLE DEVICE Filed April l. 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .5 j?? 6 3T, Y v I 7 g INVENTOR.

/m BY v i @pj/ ATTORNEY.

:itI

Patented Jan. 11, 193s UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HOMOGENIZIN G NOZZLE DEVICE Application Appui, 1936-, serial No. 72,217

3 Claims.

The object ofV my invention is to produce a homogenizing device adapted for any liquid mixture which can beV changed by breaking up the particlesv into more minute form and preventing y them from recombining intotheir original state,

therebyV formingta homogeneous solution.

Homogenizing action is the result of volume and pressurethat is accomplished byV forcing a Volume through a small passage thereby creating pressure.

Another object is to produce a homogenizing device that may be installed in any suitable liquid pipe line suitable for forcing liquids therethrough under pressureV by means of a connected pressure pump.

A further object is to produce a homogenizing device whichV may be: easily dis-assembled and cleaned from' any particles that may collect 'therein from the various liquids with which it may be used;

`A still further object is toY produce aV homogenizing device thatv will automatically function with liquid pressure as may be applied thereto, and act as a reliefgvalve should the unit become clogged. v

Another objectis to produce:Y a lhomogenizing unit that is simple in construction, easily and efficiently operated andgthat can be manufactured at avery low cost.

These-several objects are attained in the preferred form by the VconstructionandY arrangement of parts more fully hereinafter set forth.

Similar pa-rts on all drawingsV are marked by similar numerals or letters.

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the assembled nozzle showingthe exterior design and means for connecting the unit within a liquid pressure pipe line.

Fig. 2l is` a top View'of the unit shown in Fig. 1 -showing the body design and spring means for regulating the operating valve.

Fig. 3V is4 a vertical sectional view lengthwise of the unit, taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2, showing the general arrangement of the operating parts and sections.

Fig'. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 showing the plunger valve in its closed position. Y

Fig. 5 is also a cross-sectional view taken on the same-line 4-15 of Fig'. 3 when the tapered valve bushing isY slightly depressed showing the thin annular passage formed therein.

Fig. 6 is a modified design of the internal valve rod,` and may replace the type shown inV Fig. 3.

Fig.' '7 is a partial longitudinal. sectional View takenon theY line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showing a modied bushing taper formation applied to the casing bushing instead of the valve bushing previously shown.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional View through the casing, the same as would be taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, showing a casing modication with the valve spring mounted inside the casing end.

Fig, 9 is another longitudinal sectional view similar to` Fig. 8, but illustrating further modication with the valve spring placed below the valve plunger instead of above as previously shown, and also illustrates the application of a valve stem bellows for sealing the bearingl joints and; prevent leakage.

Many liquid products, such as milk, cream, ice cream mixtures, or similar emulsions, are subject to a. separation of their various comprising` elements, often forming tiny globules of fat or oil particles or similar formations which become separated from the containing solution. It then becomes necessary, in producing a homogeneous mixture, toconvert or break up these tiny particles, usually; accomplished by some mechanical means whereby the liquid is forcibly passed throughV ne orifices, or by the pressure and expansion means. Various mechanical devices have been devised for homogenizing liquids, but which is usually-accomplished with great difculty due to constant clogging of the ne orifice openings, or unsanitary conditions resulting therefrom. My device is so designed as to remove these defects, yet produce a perfect homogenizing unit, simple, effective and safe.

In general, my device comprises an elongated casing formed with a cylindrical chamber therein 4and provided with suitable inlet and outlet passages. The casing chamber carries a tapered plug valve slidably mounted therein and which functions with the chamber wall shoulder in a manner to control the liquid passage therethrough, and is actuated by liquid pressure forced thereagainst. The valve plunger is restrained in a closed position by an attached coil spring which may be synchronized with different liquid pressures as'may be applied thereto.

I will now describe more fully the detaile construction of` my device, referring to the drawings and the marks thereon.

The casing I may be made of any suitable metal, either cast, rolled or drawn, and is preferably formed in an elongated cylinder comprising a body section A and an end section B, both turned 'to the same external diameter and securely joined together by the stud bolts 2. The casing I is formed with a cylindrical chamber 3 lengthwise therein, positioned concentric with the casing axis and extended into body and end casing sections. Through the casing side walls are formed suitable inlet and outlet passages 4 and 5 respectively, each opening into opposite chamber ends as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and are herein shown as provided with tubular pipe fittings 6 and 'I pressed and sweated therein and forming sealed joints with the casing Walls.y If desired, threaded fittings may also be used where such is permitted. A cylindrical recess 8 is formed near the center section of the chamber 3,

preferably symmetrical with the abutting casingv section end joints, and carries tightly tted therein a hardened tubular bushing 9 and which extends in both casing sections. Also Within the body section A is formed a cylindrical bearing Il),` preferably hardened and ground, and ,positioned-j g concentric with the casing chamber axis. Said bearing I0 extends from the inner chamber to the casing end and carries slidably mounted therein a cylindrical plunger rod I I. The plunger rod II is of a length to extend nearly to the chamber bottom, and is preferably formed with a head end a and body recess b, and with the remaining surface ground to forma sliding joint with the casing bearing I Il, yet pressure tight therein. If desired, a special bellows casing 20 may be inserted between the valve plunger and chamber ends, sealed therewith, forming a perfect liquid tight joint for the sliding valve rod bearingIII, and which may not require the close tting previously mentioned. Also the recess b in the Valve rod I I may also be omitted if desired, and the plain'valve rod as shown in Fig. 6 substituted therefor. The recess b is preferably formed as a partof the machine construction but Vis not essential to the operation of the unit. On the lower end of the plunger rod I I is mounted a hardened valve bushing I2 tightly iitted thereon, said bushing I2 being slightly tapered at its upper end, and with its lower cylindrical bushing walls ground to accurately iitv within the `casing bushing walls 9, Yslidable thereinbut forming closed joints therewith. If desired, the bushing taper may be formed on the inner surface of the casing bushingV 9 instead of on the valve bushing and as' illustrated in the Fig. '7 of the drawings. Within the outer end of the plunger rod II is mounted a threaded stud bolt I3, positioned concentric with the plunger axis, and carries mounted thereon a heavy compression coil spring I4, stressed to any vdesired tension by means of the engaging washer I5 and adjusting nut I6 mounted on the bolt end. I f desired, the 'bolt section I3 may be made integral with-the plunger rod as a part thereof. Mounted on the upper end` of the casing I, on opposite sides of the coil spring- I4, are two adjusting bolts I'I, each threadably attached to the casing andpositioned to engage the recesses c formed in opposite sides of the washerV I SfThe bolts I'I may be adjusted to any desired length for limiting the movement of the coil spring I4 and connected plunger rod II, as the attached spring washer I5 engagesvwith the adjusted boltheads. The strength and stress of the coil spring I4 may be varied as required by the viscosity and composition of the passing liquid, and the desired pressure to which the liquid is subjected, orrequired to break up the separated particles. The spring I4 may also be installed within the casing'chamber, or special recess, either above or below'the -plunger valve, as illustrated in Figs, 8 and 9, Y

the outlet pipe 'I.

opening d between the walls of the casing bushing 9 and the plunger bushing I2 due to the slight taperL ofthe upper-plunger bushing end, aszshown in the Fig. 5 of the drawings, allowing the liquid to be forced therethrough and out of The extremely thin annular orifice d functions tc crush or grind the tiny globules or separated particles and re-unite the liquid in a homogeneous emulsion solution by the rapid passage of the liquid forced therethrough.

VShould the annular orice become clogged by any sediment or separated particles, so as to seal the tapered bushing recess, preventing its effective operation, the resulting increased liquid pressure formed within the chamber 3 will force the entire plunger bushing I2 downward and below the casing bushing 9, suiciently to allow the escape of the clogging sediment and sudden release of the excess chamber pressure.

This homogenizing nozzle is a self cleaning unit when ever sucient pressure is applied thereto. The unit may also be cleaned manually by removing the stud bolts 2 and attached casing end section B. The device is also self compensating for wear, and also compensates for any pulsations as may be produced by the pressure pump withrwhich this unit is used and the subsequent variable delivery, because it produces a variable orice in operation due to its slide action.VY

It is apparent that my device is subject to various modifications in both general design and detail arrangement without departing from the spirit of my invention, and Itherefore claim not only the design herein illustrated, but any modication thereof that is substantially a substitution of parts and sections herein shown. i

Having" fully described my homogenizing device what I'claim as myinvention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is; c Y 1. A` homogenizing liquid nozzle adapted for breaking down separated particles or globules in liquid Vvor like compositions and used withV such liquids under high pressures, comprising a body casingV formed with an Velongated cylindrical chamber therein provided with suitable inlet and outletliquid pipe passage openings in opposite chamber casing ends, suitable pipe connections mounted within each of said pipe passage openings, a hardened tubular bushing tightly fitted within said chamber walls positioned approximately centrally between the inletV and outlet pipe passage openings, a release plunger valve with hardened valve bushing, slidably mounted within said chamber bushing forming joints therewith at the valve closed position, said valve bushing being slightly tapered at its upper end portion within said chamber bushing designed to form a variable relief annular passage when said valve is slightly displaced within the casing bushing, spring V'means Vmounted on said casingY and connectedto said release valve member in a manner for retaining it in its closed position within the chamber bushing until overcome by displace- -ment liquid pressure applied thereto through the chamber inlet pipe passageV opening'causing a slight valve Vdisplacement and thin annularV valve opening.

2. A homogenizing. nozzle device adapted'for breaking down separated particles in liquid and like solutions and used with such liquids under high liquid pressure,'comprising a. body casing formed with a cylindrical chamber therein having inlet and outlet liquid passage openings at opposite chamber ends, a tubular bushing securely itted within said chamber positioned between the inlet and outlet openings and forming liquid tight joints with the chamber wall, a plunger shaft with hardened valve bushing on one end, slidably mounted Within said chamber, said plunger shaft being projected through the casing end wall Within a suitable bearing and positioned with said valve bushing slidably mounted'within the chamber bushing, overlapping at one end and forming a joint therewith, said valve bushing being slightly tapered at its upper overlapping end, spring means mounted on said casing end and attached to the projected valve shaft end in a manner to retain said valve bushing in its closed position within the chamber bushing until overcome by displacement liquid pressure applied thereto through the chamber inlet opening causing a Valve displacement and slight annular valve passage.

3. A homogenizing nozzle, comprising a casing member formed of two sections securely attached together and having a, cylindrical chamber extended within both casing sections, said chamber being provided with inlet and outlet pipe passages at opposite chamber ends, a tubular bushing securely fitted within said chamber near the center thereof forming liquid tight joints therewith, a plunger shaft with valve bushing on one end slidably mounted within said casing with the plunger shaft end projected through the casing end Within a suitable bearing and positioned with the valve bushing slidably mounted Within the lower end of the chamber bushing forming a joint therewith, one of said bushings being tapered for its overlapping portion, and a heavy coil spring mounted on the casing end connected to the projected plunger shaft end in a manner to adjustably retain said valve bushing in its closed position within the chamber bushing until overcome by displacement liquid pressure applied thereto through the chamber inlet passage, slightly opening the valve,

HOIVIER DAUBENMEYER. 

